wsl kafka的简单应用
•
大数据
安装并配置单机版kafka所需环境
wsl2 环境可用性较高，如下介绍在该环境中安装单机版本kafka的详细过程。
- 启动命令行工具
- 启动wsl：wsl –user root –cd ~，（以root用户启动，进入wsl后当前路径为~“用户主目录”）
- 安装java：进入：https://learn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/java/openjdk/download，选择相应的java版本，下载接口
- 创建java的安装路径：mkdir -p /opt/sdk/java
- 将刚刚下载的javasdk压缩包移动进创建的路径：mv /mnt/c/Users/你的用户名/Downloads/microsoft-jdk-21.0.1-linux-aarch64.tar.gz /opt/sdk/java/
- 切换到你java安装路径：cd /opt/sdk/java/
- 解压安装：tar -zxvf microsoft-jdk-21.0.1-linux-aarch64.tar.gz
- 可以选择性删除你刚刚的压缩包：rm -rf microsoft-jdk-21.0.1-linux-aarch64.tar.gz
- 配置环境变量
进入jdk的解压目录：cd cd jdk-21.0.1+12
查看一下当前的绝对路径：pwd
复制一下绝对路径的字符串
- 使用vim 打开 /etc/profile
- GG到文件尾部，在文件尾部追加如下内容：
export JAVA_HOME=/opt/sdk/java/jdk-21.0.1+12export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
注意JAVA_HOME后边的jdk_xxx是你自己下载的相应版本信息
- 让profile文件生效：source /etc/profile
- 查看java是否安装成功：java -version，显示版本信息则安装成功
root@Ophelia:/opt/sdk/java/jdk-21.0.1+12# java -version openjdk version "21.0.1" 2023-10-17 LTS OpenJDK Runtime Environment Microsoft-8526870 (build 21.0.1+12-LTS) OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM Microsoft-8526870 (build 21.0.1+12-LTS, mixed mode)
- 安装kafka
- 在kafka官网下载相应版本kafka，我这里选最新版：Scala 2.13 – kafka_2.13-3.6.0.tgz (asc, sha512)
- 创建kafka的安装路径：mkdir -p /opt/software/kafka
- 将刚刚下载的kafka压缩包移动进创建的路径：mv /mnt/c/Users/你的用户名/Downloads/kafka_2.13-3.6.1.tgz /opt/software/kafka/
- cd /opt/software/kafka/
- tar -zxvf kafka_2.13-3.6.1.tgz
- cd kafka_2.13-3.6.1/
- pwd，然后复制绝对路径
- vim /etc/profile 追加如下内容
# Kafka export KAFKA_HOME=/opt/software/kafka/kafka_2.13-3.6.1 export PATH=$PATH:$KAFKA_HOME/bin
- source /etc/profile
- 配置文件修改： vim /opt/software/kafka/kafka_2.13-3.6.1/config/server.properties
- 找到log.dirs=/tmp/kafka-logs将其修改为log.dirs=/opt/software/kafka/kafka-logs
- 如下所示：
# log.dirs=/tmp/kafka-logs log.dirs=/opt/software/kafka/kafka-logs
- mkdir -p /opt/software/kafka/kafka-logs
- 上述操作目的是防止topic中的数据丢失
启动kafka
启动kafka之前先启动zookeeper， Kafka 2.8.0 版本开始，内置了zookeeper。
- 启动zookeeper
zookeeper-server-start.sh -daemon /opt/software/kafka/kafka_2.13-3.6.1/config/zookeeper.properties
命令看起来有点长，实际上一点儿也不短。
它分为3段[zookeeper-server-start.sh][-daemon][配置文件路径]
- -daemon参数是以守护进程的方式启动。
- zookeeper的启动脚本也存储在kafka的环境变量指向的路径中。
- 启动kafka
kafka-server-start.sh -daemon /opt/software/kafka/kafka_2.13-3.6.1/config/server.properties
关闭kafka
先停止kafka，后停止zookeeper
root@Ophelia:~# kafka-server-stop.sh root@Ophelia:~# zookeeper-server-stop.sh
当停用kafka集群的时候也是先停止kafka，后停止zookeeper，顺序搞反了会导致kafka无法停止，只能使用kill去杀死。
kafka-topics.sh 主题相关操作
查看一下kafka-tpics.sh命令都能干什么
root@Ophelia:~# kafka-topics.sh
Create, delete, describe, or change a topic.
Option Description
------ -----------
--alter Alter the number of partitions and
replica assignment. Update the
configuration of an existing topic
via --alter is no longer supported
here (the kafka-configs CLI supports
altering topic configs with a --
bootstrap-server option).
--at-min-isr-partitions if set when describing topics, only
show partitions whose isr count is
equal to the configured minimum.
--bootstrap-server to.
--command-config passed to Admin Client. This is used
only with --bootstrap-server option
for describing and altering broker
configs.
--config A topic configuration override for the
topic being created or altered. The
following is a list of valid
configurations:
cleanup.policy
compression.type
delete.retention.ms
file.delete.delay.ms
flush.messages
flush.ms
follower.replication.throttled.
replicas
index.interval.bytes
leader.replication.throttled.replicas
local.retention.bytes
local.retention.ms
max.compaction.lag.ms
max.message.bytes
message.downconversion.enable
message.format.version
message.timestamp.after.max.ms
message.timestamp.before.max.ms
message.timestamp.difference.max.ms
message.timestamp.type
min.cleanable.dirty.ratio
min.compaction.lag.ms
min.insync.replicas
preallocate
remote.storage.enable
retention.bytes
retention.ms
segment.bytes
segment.index.bytes
segment.jitter.ms
segment.ms
unclean.leader.election.enable
See the Kafka documentation for full
details on the topic configs. It is
supported only in combination with --
create if --bootstrap-server option
is used (the kafka-configs CLI
supports altering topic configs with
a --bootstrap-server option).
--create Create a new topic.
--delete Delete a topic
--delete-config A topic configuration override to be
removed for an existing topic (see
the list of configurations under the
--config option). Not supported with
the --bootstrap-server option.
--describe List details for the given topics.
--exclude-internal exclude internal topics when running
list or describe command. The
internal topics will be listed by
default
--help Print usage information.
--if-exists if set when altering or deleting or
describing topics, the action will
only execute if the topic exists.
--if-not-exists if set when creating topics, the
action will only execute if the
topic does not already exist.
--list List all available topics.
--partitions The number of partitions for the topic
being created or altered (WARNING:
If partitions are increased for a
topic that has a key, the partition
logic or ordering of the messages
will be affected). If not supplied
for create, defaults to the cluster
default.
--replica-assignment
--replication-factor partition in the topic being
created. If not supplied, defaults
to the cluster default.
--topic The topic to create, alter, describe
or delete. It also accepts a regular
expression, except for --create
option. Put topic name in double
quotes and use the '\' prefix to
escape regular expression symbols; e.
g. "test\.topic".
--topic-id The topic-id to describe.This is used
only with --bootstrap-server option
for describing topics.
--topics-with-overrides if set when describing topics, only
show topics that have overridden
configs
--unavailable-partitions if set when describing topics, only
show partitions whose leader is not
available
--under-min-isr-partitions if set when describing topics, only
show partitions whose isr count is
less than the configured minimum.
--under-replicated-partitions if set when describing topics, only
show under replicated partitions
--version Display Kafka version.
列出主要命令
| 选项 | 描述信息 |
|---|---|
| –bootstrap-server | 连接kafka Broker 主机名:端口号 |
| –topic | 操作的topic名称 |
| –create | 创建topic |
| –delete | 删除topic |
| –alter | 修改topic |
| –list | 查看所有topic |
| –describe | 查看topic的详细描述信息 |
| –partitions | 设置分区数 |
| –replication-factor | 设置分区副本 |
| –config | 更细系统默认的配置 |
查看topic
kafka-topics.sh –list –bootstrap-server localhost:9092
或者，查看指定的topic
kafka-topics.sh –bootstrap-server localhost:9092 –topic 名称 –describe
生产环境中可能有多台机器，为了保证高可用性，防止访问的kafka挂掉之后无法查询数据，可以指定多个实例，如：kafka-topics.sh –list –bootstrap-server localhost:9092 hostName1:9092 hostName2:9092
创建topic
创建之前先查看一下有多少个topic
kafka-topics.sh –list –bootstrap-server localhost:9092
一看，啥也木有，看了个寂寞，这就对溜，你不创建topic，它就没topic
创建单副本，3个分区的 名 为 first的topic
kafka-topics.sh –bootstrap-server localhost:9092 –topic first –create –partitions 3 –replication-factor 1
查看一下：
root@Ophelia:~# kafka-topics.sh --list --bootstrap-server localhost:9092 first
或者
kafka-topics.sh --bootstrap-server localhost:9092 --topic first --describe
Topic: first TopicId: Db5XuRoASzi4W2FgQbaW7A PartitionCount: 3 ReplicationFactor: 1 Configs:
Topic: first Partition: 0 Leader: 0 Replicas: 0 Isr: 0
Topic: first Partition: 1 Leader: 0 Replicas: 0 Isr: 0
Topic: first Partition: 2 Leader: 0 Replicas: 0 Isr: 0
修改topic
first topic的分区数从3个修改成4个，注意，分区数在命令行中只能增加，不能减少
kafka-topics.sh –bootstrap-server localhost:9092 –topic first –alter –partitions 4
尝试一下，会报错的
root@Ophelia:~# kafka-topics.sh --bootstrap-server localhost:9092 --topic first --alter --partitions 3 Error while executing topic command : Topic currently has 4 partitions, which is higher than the requested 3. [2023-12-17 17:55:41,130] ERROR org.apache.kafka.common.errors.InvalidPartitionsException: Topic currently has 4 partitions, which is higher than the requested 3. (kafka.admin.TopicCommand$)
删除topic
删除名为first的topic
kafka-topics.sh –bootstrap-server localhost:9092 –topic first –delete
kafka-console-producer.sh生产者相关操作
root@Ophelia:~# kafka-console-producer.sh
Missing required option(s) [bootstrap-server]
Option Description
------ -----------
--batch-size Number of messages to send in a single
batch if they are not being sent
synchronously. please note that this
option will be replaced if max-
partition-memory-bytes is also set
(default: 16384)
--bootstrap-server (deprecated) is specified. The server
(s) to connect to. The broker list
string in the form HOST1:PORT1,HOST2:
PORT2.
--broker-list DEPRECATED, use --bootstrap-server
instead; ignored if --bootstrap-
server is specified. The broker
list string in the form HOST1:PORT1,
HOST2:PORT2.
--compression-codec [String: The compression codec: either 'none',
compression-codec] 'gzip', 'snappy', 'lz4', or 'zstd'.
If specified without value, then it
defaults to 'gzip'
--help Print usage information.
--line-reader The class name of the class to use for
reading lines from standard in. By
default each line is read as a
separate message. (default: kafka.
tools.
ConsoleProducer$LineMessageReader)
--max-block-ms block for during a send request.
(default: 60000)
--max-memory-bytes to buffer records waiting to be sent
to the server. This is the option to
control `buffer.memory` in producer
configs. (default: 33554432)
--max-partition-memory-bytes partition. When records are received
which are smaller than this size the
producer will attempt to
optimistically group them together
until this size is reached. This is
the option to control `batch.size`
in producer configs. (default: 16384)
--message-send-max-retries Brokers can fail receiving the message
for multiple reasons, and being
unavailable transiently is just one
of them. This property specifies the
number of retries before the
producer give up and drop this
message. This is the option to
control `retries` in producer
configs. (default: 3)
--metadata-expiry-ms after which we force a refresh of
metadata even if we haven't seen any
leadership changes. This is the
option to control `metadata.max.age.
ms` in producer configs. (default:
300000)
--producer-property properties in the form key=value to
the producer.
--producer.config Producer config properties file. Note
that [producer-property] takes
precedence over this config.
--property A mechanism to pass user-defined
properties in the form key=value to
the message reader. This allows
custom configuration for a user-
defined message reader.
Default properties include:
parse.key=false
parse.headers=false
ignore.error=false
key.separator=\t
headers.delimiter=\t
headers.separator=,
headers.key.separator=:
null.marker= When set, any fields
(key, value and headers) equal to
this will be replaced by null
Default parsing pattern when:
parse.headers=true and parse.key=true:
"h1:v1,h2:v2...\tkey\tvalue"
parse.key=true:
"key\tvalue"
parse.headers=true:
"h1:v1,h2:v2...\tvalue"
--reader-config Config properties file for the message
reader. Note that [property] takes
precedence over this config.
--request-required-acks requests (default: -1)
--request-timeout-ms requests. Value must be non-negative
and non-zero. (default: 1500)
--retry-backoff-ms Before each retry, the producer
refreshes the metadata of relevant
topics. Since leader election takes
a bit of time, this property
specifies the amount of time that
the producer waits before refreshing
the metadata. This is the option to
control `retry.backoff.ms` in
producer configs. (default: 100)
--socket-buffer-size The size of the tcp RECV size. This is
the option to control `send.buffer.
bytes` in producer configs.
(default: 102400)
--sync If set message send requests to the
brokers are synchronously, one at a
time as they arrive.
--timeout If set and the producer is running in
asynchronous mode, this gives the
maximum amount of time a message
will queue awaiting sufficient batch
size. The value is given in ms. This
is the option to control `linger.ms`
in producer configs. (default: 1000)
--topic REQUIRED: The topic id to produce
messages to.
--version Display Kafka version.
生产消息
用生产者连接broker
kafka-console-producer.sh –bootstrap-server localhost:9092 –topic first
再启动一个命令行
wsl –user root –cd ~
启动一个消费者
kafka-console-consumer.sh –bootstrap-server localhost:9092 –topic first
生产者发送消息
消费者接收消息
kafka-console-consumer.sh消费者相关操作
root@Ophelia:~# kafka-console-consumer.sh
This tool helps to read data from Kafka topics and outputs it to standard output.
Option Description
------ -----------
--bootstrap-server
--consumer-property properties in the form key=value to
the consumer.
--consumer.config Consumer config properties file. Note
that [consumer-property] takes
precedence over this config.
--enable-systest-events Log lifecycle events of the consumer
in addition to logging consumed
messages. (This is specific for
system tests.)
--formatter The name of a class to use for
formatting kafka messages for
display. (default: kafka.tools.
DefaultMessageFormatter)
--formatter-config the message formatter. Note that
[property] takes precedence over
this config.
--from-beginning If the consumer does not already have
an established offset to consume
from, start with the earliest
message present in the log rather
than the latest message.
--group The consumer group id of the consumer.
--help Print usage information.
--include Regular expression specifying list of
topics to include for consumption.
--isolation-level Set to read_committed in order to
filter out transactional messages
which are not committed. Set to
read_uncommitted to read all
messages. (default: read_uncommitted)
--key-deserializer
--max-messages The maximum number of messages to
consume before exiting. If not set,
consumption is continual.
--offset The offset to consume from (a non-
negative number), or 'earliest'
which means from beginning, or
'latest' which means from end
(default: latest)
--partition The partition to consume from.
Consumption starts from the end of
the partition unless '--offset' is
specified.
--property The properties to initialize the
message formatter. Default
properties include:
print.timestamp=true|false
print.key=true|false
print.offset=true|false
print.partition=true|false
print.headers=true|false
print.value=true|false
key.separator=
line.separator=
headers.separator=
null.literal=
key.deserializer=
value.deserializer=
header.deserializer=
Users can also pass in customized
properties for their formatter; more
specifically, users can pass in
properties keyed with 'key.
deserializer.', 'value.
deserializer.' and 'headers.
deserializer.' prefixes to configure
their deserializers.
--skip-message-on-error If there is an error when processing a
message, skip it instead of halt.
--timeout-ms If specified, exit if no message is
available for consumption for the
specified interval.
--topic The topic to consume on.
--value-deserializer
--version Display Kafka version.
--whitelist ignored if --include specified.
Regular expression specifying list
of topics to include for consumption.
增量接收
kafka-console-consumer.sh –bootstrap-server localhost:9092 –topic first
接收历史全部数据 –from-beginning
kafka-console-consumer.sh –bootstrap-server localhost:9092 –topic first –from-beginning
使用场景：根据情况而定
处理分区leader分布不均匀的问题
kafka-leader-election.sh --bootstrap-server localhost:9092 --topic first --election-type preferred --partition 0
本文来自网络，不代表协通编程立场，如若转载，请注明出处：https://www.net2asp.com/b8e1ef61e8.html
赞 (0)
实现业务智能：大数据与人工智能的融合
« 上一篇
1天前
Spark 【Spark SQL（一）DataFrame的创建、保存与基本操作】
下一篇 »
1天前
相关推荐
-
ActivityManagerService和ActivityTaskManagerService启动详解—Android 12（一）
ActivityManagerService太复杂了，尤其是Android12的AMS没有相关文章，那我们就从它的启动开始分析源码，梳理ActivityManagerService…
-
macOS Sonoma 14.2.1 (23C71) 正式版 Boot ISO 原版可引导镜像下载 (安全更新)
macOS Sonoma 14.2.1 (23C71) 正式版 Boot ISO 原版可引导镜像下载 (安全更新) 本站下载的 macOS 软件包，既可以拖拽到 Applicati…
-
Android Camera开发入门（4）：USB/UVC Camera的使用
Android Camera开发入门（4）：USB/UVC Camera的使用 本文基于开源项目https://github.com/saki4510t/UVCCamera之上进行…
-
在Mac m1运行ChatGLM3-6B cpu版本1-3秒出结果
实测： 输入内容：295个字，1.9秒开始出结果，这个速度接近T4。 具体过程如下： 1.准备环境 git clone –recursive https://githu…
-
小程序进入webView进行微信公众号授权获取用户openId，用来判断用户是否关注与当前小程序关联的公众号
1、至少需要两个页面，一个是授权入口页面（这里我以index首页为例），一个是webView页面 2、在index中跳转到webView页面 3、webView中的内容很简单，就…
-
小程序阻止手机自带的滑动返回退出事件（uni-app，微信小程序，page-container）
1、使用page-container前先在pages.json配置（重点！） “usingConponents”:{ “page-container”:”/pages/detail…
-
Google I/O大会:Android 13
3个体验升级的方向 以智能手机为场景核心、 扩大智能终端的应用边界以及实现多设备间更好地协同。具体到系统体验层，安卓13将支持图标颜色随主题更换、为不同应用设定使用的语言、新的媒体…
-
Android计算器实现
一、项目概述 这个项目是一个简单的计算器应用，它可以执行加、减、乘、除四种基本运算等计算器的基本功能。我们将使用Android Studio作为开发工具。 二、项目设计 1. 在A…
-
【研究】聚焦型光场相机等效多相机模型及其运动恢复结构应用
摘要:聚焦型光场相机在运动恢复结构(SFM)和场景重建等领域中的作用日益显现。但是传统SFM算法因聚焦型光场相机具有特殊的结构而难以直接应用。针对这一问题提出一种完整的聚焦型光场相…
-
【tensorflow&flutter&web】机器学习模型怎样用到前端上（未写完）
书接上回 在上一章 我们谈了怎么根据项目需求构建一个简单的机器学习模型。 【tensorflow&flutter】自己写…
